Some imp indian acts for competition exam, cgpsc & cgvyapam

 1. Regulating Act, 1773 - Part 2:

• Restricted private trade and gifts by EIC employees to reduce corruption.
• Subordinated Bombay and Madras presidencies to the Bengal Governor-General.
• Created the Supreme Court in Calcutta for civil, criminal, and appellate jurisdiction.
• Debated jurisdiction boundaries and ensured respect for local customs.

2. Charter Act, 1813

• Revenue administration separated from judiciary.
• Introduced licensing for private traders and facilitated opium shipments to China.
• Renewed EIC’s charter for 20 years but ended its monopoly except in tea and trade with China.
• Allocated Rs. 1 lakh annually for education, science, and literature.
• Allowed Christian missionaries to enter India for preaching.

3. Pitt's India Act, 1784

• Made EIC a subordinate entity of the British Government, managing territories as “British possessions.”
• Established the Board of Control for oversight of civil, military, and revenue matters.
• Court of Directors retained control of commercial affairs.
• Governor-General’s Council expanded to include a Commander-in-Chief.
• Prohibited aggressive wars and unauthorized treaties.

4. Government of India Act, 1858

• Civil service appointments came under the Crown’s jurisdiction.
• Viceroy of India replaced the Governor-General; first Viceroy was Lord Canning.
• Established the office of the Secretary of State for India with complete control.
• Abolished the EIC and transferred Indian governance directly to the Crown.
• Created a Council of India to assist the Secretary of State.

5. Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909

• Recognized the principle of separate electorates for Muslims.
• Allowed Indians to vote and contest elections for non-official seats.
• Increased the size of the Central and Provincial Councils.
• Included Indians in the Viceroy’s Executive Council; Satyendra Prasad Sinha became the first Indian member.

6. Government of India Act, 1935

• Extended the franchise to 10% of the population.
• Proposed an All-India Federation with British provinces & princely states.
• Introduced provincial autonomy, replacing dyarchy.
• Provincial governments had separate legal identities and financial powers.
• Established three lists of subjects: Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent.
• Created a Federal Court and Provincial Public Service Commissions.

7. Regulating Act, 1773 - Part 1:

• Recognized the dual role of the East India Company (EIC) in administration and politics.
• Established a central authority in Bengal with a Governor-General and a council.
• Members included Warren Hastings, Clavering, Monson, Barwell, and Francis.
• Decisions required majority consent; members could only be removed by the Crown.

8. Indian Councils Act, 1861

• Established new Legislative Councils for provinces like Bengal and Punjab.
• Introduced a portfolio system to delegate departmental responsibilities.
• Restored legislative powers to Bombay and Madras presidencies.
• Allowed the Viceroy to nominate Indians to the Legislative Council.

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